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Gene-Diet Interactions in Type 2 Diabetes
The journal Genes (Basel) has published a review of gene-diet interactions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), describing both the current understanding of genetic risk as well as potential approaches to target genetic risk with nutritional interventions. There is a clear role for hereditary risk in T2D, with first-degree relatives of people with T2D at…
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African-Based vs Western-Based Diet
The results of a randomized and controlled dietary trial, including a multi-omics analysis of immune and metabolic changes associated with switching between a Western-style dietary pattern and a Kilimanjaro heritage-style pattern, were recently published in Nature Medicine. Male non-overweight participants between the ages of 20 to 40 were recruited from one of two cohorts in…
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Keto Diet & Schizophrenia
An interesting pilot study of ketogenic diets for mental illness was published recently in Psychiatry Research. The study was a single-arm trial with 23 subjects with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder plus metabolic abnormalities. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of one of those conditions and currently taking psychotropic medications, plus being overweight or having obesity (based on…
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Fasting-Mimicking Diet
Nature Communications has published results of a secondary analysis of a previously published clinical trial, examining the effects of a fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) on a number of cardiometabolic risk factors as well as a calculation of “biological age” among study participants. The FMD used in this clinical trial was characterized as plant-based and hypocaloric (with…
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Early Diet & IBD
The journal Gut recently published the results of a prospective cohort study analyzing the association between diet quality, assessed at age 1 and again at age 3, and the subsequent risk for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) later in life. Comprised of two Scandinavian cohorts, the All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) Study and The Norwegian…
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Does Quality Matter with Low Carb Diets?
Researchers from Harvard’s Chan School of Public Health recently published an analysis of the association between low carbohydrate diets (LCDs) and long-term weight control, with a special focus on diet quality. The analysis included 3 well-described prospective cohorts, the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and Nurses’ Health Study II (NHSII), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study…
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Antioxidant-Rich Diet in Pregnancy
Human pregnancy can be influenced by a wide range of health issues that vary from mild and reversible to severe and life-threatening, and many of the major ones like pre-eclampsia and gestational diabetes can be linked to oxidative stress. This may be because when the foeto-placental unit is poorly perfused, it produces more free radicals,…
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Sleep & Adherence to Diet & Exercise Goals
Recent preliminary research has shown that individuals with higher scores for sleep health during a 12-month weight loss program were more likely to stick to the calorific and exercise goals in the program in comparison with those who scored lower for sleep health.
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Low Carb vs DASH Diet
A new study in the Annals of Family Medicine pitted a very-low-carbohydrate diet against the DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) for adults with hypertension, type 2 diabetes or pre-diabetes, and overweight or obesity. While both interventions led to improvements in HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, and body weight, improvements among the low-carb group were…
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Dietary Associations with Miscarriage
Results of a recent meta-analysis and systematic review were recently published in Fertility and Sterility, describing the links between pre-conception diets among healthy women and rates of miscarriage. Researchers from the University of Birmingham included 20 studies, 6 of which were suitable for analysis (2 cohort, 4 case-control), including over 13,000 women.